Authors: Simone Stumpf, Erin Sullivan, Erin Fitzhenry,
Ian Oberst, Weng-Keen Wong, Margaret Burnett
SUMMARY:
This paper studies a machine learning system the authors have created. The authors claim the machine needs to be able to absorb keyword rich information from the user. In order to do this the authors rely on feedback from the user. In their experiment the authors want to see how user feedback affects machine learning as well as the user experiment. Ultimately, the authors found that user feedback was reliable because when users provided useful feedback it made the program more accurate.
DISCUSSION:
While this experiment was a success for the authors, I have a few doubts about the entire concept. The authors main goal seem to be to create an intelligent program with the ability to learn. If user feedback is needed to make the program smarter, how intelligent is the program? The main point of a program that can learn is to take work off the user. If the users are always concerned about giving feedback it takes away from the time they are using the program for intended purposes.
Thursday, April 29, 2010
Sunday, March 21, 2010
UIST2008: Annotating Gigapixel Images
Qing Luan
USTC
Hefei, China
Steven M. Drucker
Microsoft Live Labs
Redmond, WA
Johannes Kopf
University of Konstanz
Konstanz, Germany
Ying-Qing Xu
Microsoft Research
Asia Beijing, China
Michael F. Cohen
Microsoft Research
Redmond, WA
SUMMARY:
Panning and zooming interfaces for pictures with billions of pixels(gigapixel images) have recently appeared on the internet. The huge size of the images causes some issues that are discussed in this paper. There are three main types of annotations a text label, an audio loop, or a narrative audio. The main contribution of this paper is a distance function between the individual annotations and views of the image that guide the rendering of both audio and text annotations.
DISCUSSION:
Although this paper is somewhat short, they introduce some important concepts. Annotating gigapixel images is going to be important as computers become faster and more powerful. It is important to annotate the images in a way that is quick and doesn't obstruct the user's view of the image.
USTC
Hefei, China
Steven M. Drucker
Microsoft Live Labs
Redmond, WA
Johannes Kopf
University of Konstanz
Konstanz, Germany
Ying-Qing Xu
Microsoft Research
Asia Beijing, China
Michael F. Cohen
Microsoft Research
Redmond, WA
SUMMARY:
Panning and zooming interfaces for pictures with billions of pixels(gigapixel images) have recently appeared on the internet. The huge size of the images causes some issues that are discussed in this paper. There are three main types of annotations a text label, an audio loop, or a narrative audio. The main contribution of this paper is a distance function between the individual annotations and views of the image that guide the rendering of both audio and text annotations.
DISCUSSION:
Although this paper is somewhat short, they introduce some important concepts. Annotating gigapixel images is going to be important as computers become faster and more powerful. It is important to annotate the images in a way that is quick and doesn't obstruct the user's view of the image.
Saturday, March 20, 2010
UIST2008: Kinematic Templates for Content-Relative Cursor Manipulations
Richard Fung, Edward Lank, & Michael Terry
University of Waterloo, Computer Science
Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
Celine Latulipe
University of North Carolina at Charlotte
Charlotte, NC, USA
SUMMARY:
The authors of this paper explore kinematic templates. Kinematic templates are "an end-user tool for defining content-specific motor space manipulations in the context of editing 2D visual compositions." The picture below will give you a better idea of what they are. The shape on the left is the user input. The shapes with the background grids are kinematic templates. As you can see the software automatically adjusts the pend stroke depending on the template.
Previous work in a similar area has been done on snap and go cursor movements. Snap and go techniques cause the line or shape to snap or connect to another shape in the general area. Kinematic templates differ because they change anything written anywhere on its surface. Kinematic templates can be defined anywhere on the drawing surface and they can be of any size. Below is a result from their study where a user drew a sun.
In this drawing two templates were used. The first was a compass template to help the users draw near perfect circles. The second is a sand paper template which modifies the control-display gain of the cursor. Control-display gain is the when the cursor moves at a slower or quicker speed than what the user actually inputs. In this example the control-display gain is lowered to help the user draw the sun within a certain region.
The authors distinguish between two types of templates:
Passive Templates - Alter the control display gain
Active Templates - Alter the cursor movement independent of changes in the x and y coordinates
An example of an active template would be the magnetic template. This template actively pulls the cursor towards a defined point. It is important to note that ALL templates affect the cursor only when the mouse button is pushed down.
In conclusion templates provide a way of manipulating cursor placement without strictly prescribing output. They lie somewhere between free hand drawing and snap and go techniques.
DISCUSSION:
This is a very interesting tool that could provide useful for programs like paint, photoshop, and paint shop pro. It would also be interesting to try and apply this technique to our second project. It might even provide more useful when using a drawing pad than a mouse.
University of Waterloo, Computer Science
Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
Celine Latulipe
University of North Carolina at Charlotte
Charlotte, NC, USA
SUMMARY:
The authors of this paper explore kinematic templates. Kinematic templates are "an end-user tool for defining content-specific motor space manipulations in the context of editing 2D visual compositions." The picture below will give you a better idea of what they are. The shape on the left is the user input. The shapes with the background grids are kinematic templates. As you can see the software automatically adjusts the pend stroke depending on the template.
In this drawing two templates were used. The first was a compass template to help the users draw near perfect circles. The second is a sand paper template which modifies the control-display gain of the cursor. Control-display gain is the when the cursor moves at a slower or quicker speed than what the user actually inputs. In this example the control-display gain is lowered to help the user draw the sun within a certain region.
The authors distinguish between two types of templates:
Passive Templates - Alter the control display gain
Active Templates - Alter the cursor movement independent of changes in the x and y coordinates
An example of an active template would be the magnetic template. This template actively pulls the cursor towards a defined point. It is important to note that ALL templates affect the cursor only when the mouse button is pushed down.
In conclusion templates provide a way of manipulating cursor placement without strictly prescribing output. They lie somewhere between free hand drawing and snap and go techniques.
DISCUSSION:
This is a very interesting tool that could provide useful for programs like paint, photoshop, and paint shop pro. It would also be interesting to try and apply this technique to our second project. It might even provide more useful when using a drawing pad than a mouse.
IUI2009: Understanding the intent behind mobile information needs
Karen Church
Telefonica Research
Barcelona, Spain
Barry Smith
CLARITY
Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
SUMMARY:
The authors who wrote this paper performed several user studies that were meant to explore the goals behind mobile information needs. Devices like the iPhone have greatly increased the number of mobile users who access the world wide web. In particular web search needs differ for mobile users and PC users. The studies found that mobile user needs differ depending on time and location. Non-informational needs account for 42% of user needs while geographical needs accounted for 31%. Personal information was the intent only 10% of the time.
DISCUSSION:
This paper contains valuable information for any software engineer that works with mobile devices. Knowing what information people are looking for on their mobile phone can help programmers design their applications appropriately. This would also be useful for a company like Google or Microsoft that try to provide optimal search functionality for their users.
Telefonica Research
Barcelona, Spain
Barry Smith
CLARITY
Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
SUMMARY:
The authors who wrote this paper performed several user studies that were meant to explore the goals behind mobile information needs. Devices like the iPhone have greatly increased the number of mobile users who access the world wide web. In particular web search needs differ for mobile users and PC users. The studies found that mobile user needs differ depending on time and location. Non-informational needs account for 42% of user needs while geographical needs accounted for 31%. Personal information was the intent only 10% of the time.
DISCUSSION:
This paper contains valuable information for any software engineer that works with mobile devices. Knowing what information people are looking for on their mobile phone can help programmers design their applications appropriately. This would also be useful for a company like Google or Microsoft that try to provide optimal search functionality for their users.
IUI2009: Parakeet A Continuous Speech Recognition System for Mobile Touch-Screen Devices
Keith Vertanen
Per Ola Kristensson
Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge
SUMMARY:
This paper presents a continuous speech recognition system for mobile touch screen devices. Participants had a word entry rate of 18 words per minute while seated and 13 words per minute while walking around. In the past speech recognition methods have suffered from poor accuracy. This paper uses Parakeet which is a touch screen system for recognizing continuous speech. Parakeet was the first system to test voice recognition while walking around.
DISCUSSION:
In my mind this system fails to prove it is accurate enough for people to actually use. It mentions that when the intended sentence was in the confusion network it was able to find and select the correct sentence 96% of the time. Future work would have to be done to improve performance with sentences that are not in the confusion network.
Per Ola Kristensson
Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge
SUMMARY:
This paper presents a continuous speech recognition system for mobile touch screen devices. Participants had a word entry rate of 18 words per minute while seated and 13 words per minute while walking around. In the past speech recognition methods have suffered from poor accuracy. This paper uses Parakeet which is a touch screen system for recognizing continuous speech. Parakeet was the first system to test voice recognition while walking around.
DISCUSSION:
In my mind this system fails to prove it is accurate enough for people to actually use. It mentions that when the intended sentence was in the confusion network it was able to find and select the correct sentence 96% of the time. Future work would have to be done to improve performance with sentences that are not in the confusion network.
IUI2009:Learning To Recognize Value Tags
Shilad Sen, Jesse Vig, John Riedl
Grouplens Research, University of Minnesota
SUMMARY:
This paper discusses automatic tagging systems.
Wikipedia : In online computer systems terminology, a tag is a non-hierarchical keyword or term assigned to a piece of information (such as an internet bookmark, digital image, or computer file)
The authors looked at 21 different tagging algorithms and chose the best three to deploy on a movie website. The rest of the paper talks about the different methods.
DISCUSSION:
This is a very useful paper for someone looking to learn some tagging methods for their application/website. Future work involves testing their methods on more than just a movie application.
Grouplens Research, University of Minnesota
SUMMARY:
This paper discusses automatic tagging systems.
Wikipedia : In online computer systems terminology, a tag is a non-hierarchical keyword or term assigned to a piece of information (such as an internet bookmark, digital image, or computer file)
The authors looked at 21 different tagging algorithms and chose the best three to deploy on a movie website. The rest of the paper talks about the different methods.
DISCUSSION:
This is a very useful paper for someone looking to learn some tagging methods for their application/website. Future work involves testing their methods on more than just a movie application.
Sunday, March 14, 2010
CHI 2009b: A Sustainable Identity The Creativity of an Everyday Designer
Ron Wakkary and Karen Tanenbaum
School of Interactive Arts and Technology
SUMMARY
This paper explores sustainability in interaction design by reframing concepts of user identity and use in a domestic setting. The paper starts off by mentioning Western cultures are typically very wasteful. This means designers need to design for sustainability. The study in this paper focuses on interaction design principles in the domestic environment. They basically said that many designs in the home can be reusable. This will increase a products life cycle and mitigate harm to the environment.
DISCUSSION:
I thought I was going to be reading a paper about good design principles. The authors of this paper seemed to be environmentalists. All the paper did was talk about designing for sustainability. This means design with materials that will last people longer so they don't have to throw them away as quickly.
School of Interactive Arts and Technology
SUMMARY
This paper explores sustainability in interaction design by reframing concepts of user identity and use in a domestic setting. The paper starts off by mentioning Western cultures are typically very wasteful. This means designers need to design for sustainability. The study in this paper focuses on interaction design principles in the domestic environment. They basically said that many designs in the home can be reusable. This will increase a products life cycle and mitigate harm to the environment.
DISCUSSION:
I thought I was going to be reading a paper about good design principles. The authors of this paper seemed to be environmentalists. All the paper did was talk about designing for sustainability. This means design with materials that will last people longer so they don't have to throw them away as quickly.
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